![]() They can have poor immune function and generally reach developmental milestones at a later age. At the same time, their emotional and social awareness is very high. As adults, their mental abilities are typically similar to those of an 8- or 9-year-old. Those with Down syndrome nearly always have physical and intellectual disabilities. Signs and symptoms A boy with Down syndrome using a cordless drill to assemble a book case The genetic cause of Down syndrome was discovered in 1959. Some aspects of the condition were described earlier by French psychiatrist Jean-Étienne Dominique Esquirol in 1838 and French physician Édouard Séguin in 1844. It is named after British doctor John Langdon Down, who fully described the syndrome in 1866. In 2015, Down syndrome was present in 5.4 million individuals globally and resulted in 27,000 deaths, down from 43,000 deaths in 1990. In the US this figure is given as one in 700 births. It occurs in about 1 in 1,000 babies born each year. ĭown syndrome is the most common chromosomal abnormality. Regular screening for health issues common in Down syndrome is recommended throughout the person's life. Life expectancy is around 50 to 60 years in the developed world, with proper health care. Support in financial and legal matters is often needed. ![]() In adulthood, about 20% in the United States do paid work in some capacity, with many requiring a sheltered work environment. Some individuals with Down syndrome graduate from high school, and a few attend post-secondary education. Some children with Down syndrome are educated in typical school classes, while others require more specialized education. Education and proper care have been shown to provide good quality of life. Since the introduction of screening, Down syndrome pregnancies are often aborted (rates varying from 50% to 85% depending on maternal age, gestational age, and maternal race/ethnicity). Down syndrome can be identified during pregnancy by prenatal screening, followed by diagnostic testing, or after birth by direct observation and genetic testing. It is believed to occur by chance, with no known behavioral activity or environmental factor that changes the probability. Usually, babies get 23 chromosomes from each parent for a total of 46, whereas in Down syndrome, a third 21st chromosome is attached. A very small percentage of 1 to 2% gets the additional chromosome in the embryo stage and it only impacts some of the cells in the body this is known as Mosaic Down syndrome. The extra chromosome is provided at conception as the egg and sperm combine. The probability increases from less than 0.1% in 20-year-old mothers to 3% in those of age 45. The parents of the affected individual are usually genetically normal. There are three types of Down syndrome, all with the same features: Trisomy 21, the most common type Mosaic Down syndrome, and Translocation Down syndrome. It is usually associated with developmental delays, mild to moderate intellectual disability, and characteristic physical features. ![]() Life expectancy 50 to 60 years (developed world) ĭown syndrome or Down's syndrome, also known as trisomy 21, is a genetic disorder caused by the presence of all or part of a third copy of chromosome 21. Physical therapy, Occupational therapy, Speech therapy, Educational support, Supported work environment Older age of mother, prior affected child Mostly at conception, rarely after fertilization The results show that the sample is suitable for further solar cell application.An eight-year-old boy displaying characteristic facial features of Down syndromeĭelayed development, characteristic physical features, mild to moderate intellectual disability Lastly, the samples were examined using Hall Effect measurement to obtain the type of sample, Hall mobility, and highest charge carrier in the sample of OSC. From FPP study, the electrical conductivity was increased by the increment of light intensity and temperature of substrate. ![]() The electrical conductivity of ITO deposited thin film was explored by four point probes (FPP) under dark and under light radiation (range of 10 Wm -2 to 200Wm -2). While, the dye of Downy Rose Myrtle berries was deposited by layered using spin coating method. ![]() The P3DT were deposited on the ITO substrate using electrochemistry method at room temperature. The polymer used was Poly (3-Dodecylthiophene) (P3DT) thin film and Downy Rose Myrtle berries ( Rhodomyrtus Tomentosa ( Ait. In this work, Indium Tin oxide (ITO) glass as substrate was heated at 50 ☌ to 200 ☌. This work focused on the electrical and Hall Effect of Organic Solar cell (OSC). ![]()
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